Vad har immunförsvaret för roll i kampen mot cancer?

Innehållsförteckning:

1. Vad har immunförsvaret för roll i kampen mot cancer?
2. Var kan man få immunterapi?
3. What do we know about interferon α/β antitumor effects?
4. Are antitumor effects of IFN-I relevant in melanoma patients?
5. What is the role of IFN-I signaling in immunosuppression in inflammatory tumors?
6. What is an IFN-I signature in tumor microenvironment?

Vad har immunförsvaret för roll i kampen mot cancer?

Immunförsvaret är kroppens skydd mot sjukdomsframkallande ämnen. Med dess hjälp känner kroppen igen och oskadliggör sådant som är främmande, som bakterier eller virusinfekterade celler. Denna förmåga har väckt idén att immunsystemet skulle kunna utnyttjas för att bekämpa cancer – en strategi som kallas immunterapi.

Var kan man få immunterapi?

På Christinakliniken erbjuder vi behandling i linje med den senaste forskningen. Vi behandlar patienten enligt samma riktlinjer som den offentliga vården som vi också samarbetar med. Vi bedömer om immunterapi är relevant eller inte vid olika cancersjukdomar i en second opinion.

What do we know about interferon α/β antitumor effects?

• The first report on the antitumor effects of interferon α/β (IFN-I) in mice was published 50 years ago. IFN-α were the first immunotherapeutic drugs approved by the FDA for clinical use in cancer. However, their clinical use occurred at a time when most of their mechanisms of action were still unknown.

Are antitumor effects of IFN-I relevant in melanoma patients?

• For many years, the antitumor effects observed in patients with hematological malignancies (hairy cell leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia) and solid tumors, including melanoma and renal cancer, maintained the elevated attention of patients and the media on IFN-I.

What is the role of IFN-I signaling in immunosuppression in inflammatory tumors?

• Tumors with intact IFN-I signaling are commonly inflamed with antitumor T cells that can be inhibited by the expression of immune checkpoints (center), whereas excessive IFN-I signaling activation is often observed in tumors with exhausted antitumor T cells and activation of immunosuppressive mechanisms (right).

What is an IFN-I signature in tumor microenvironment?

• In many cases, the presence of an IFN-I signature in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a marker of the so-called “hot tumors” (i.e., tumors exhibiting specific immune cell infiltrates predicting a potential therapeutic response).